Colorectal cancer is a type of tumor that develops in the last parts of the digestive system. Normally, it starts with small formations called polyps, which are abnormal cells on the colon wall or rectum. Although many of these polyps are benign, some can become cancer over time. This process occurs gradually, which enables early detection and prevention of the disease.
Scientific studies show that the origin of colorectal cancer is related to both genetic and environmental factors. Life habits such as inappropriate diet, smoking, obesity and physical inactivity are among factors that increase the risk of disease development.
What are the risk factors and symptoms?
Symptoms of colorectal cancer can be subtle and often get confused with other gastrointestinal disorders. Changes in intestinal habits, such as diarrhea or persistent constipation, blood presence, abdominal pain or unlawful weight loss, are alert signs that should be investigated. Therefore, the evaluation and follow -up of a specialist doctor is essential.
Main risk factors of colorectal cancer:
- Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases → Conditions such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer.
- LIFE STYLE → Diets rich in processed meat, excessive alcohol consumption and physical inactivity are factors that contribute to increased risk of the disease.
- Advanced Age → The risk increases considerably after age 50.
- Family history → People with close relatives who had colorectal cancer are more predisposed to develop the disease.
The American Cancer Society stresses that early detection, through tracking tests, can reduce the mortality of colorectal cancer by up to 68%. This occurs especially when the disease is identified in the early stages, when treatment options are most effective.
What is the importance of early screening?
Early tracking is essential in preventing colorectal cancer. It involves periodic examinations in asymptomatic people, but are increased, as well as regular medical appointments.
The most common examination for tracking is colonoscopy, which allows you to directly observe the colon and rectum. In addition, during the exam, it is possible to remove polyps before they become malignant, preventing cancer development.
Myths and truths about colorectal cancer
1️. “Colorectal cancer only affects older people” – myth!
Although the risk increases with age, colorectal cancer can affect anyone, including young people. Approximately 10% of cases occur in individuals under 50, especially when there is genetic predisposition and inadequate lifestyle habits.
2️. “Colorectal cancer always causes intense abdominal pain” – myth!
Abdominal pain is not an early symptom of the disease. Colorectal cancer, in most cases, develops silently. Changes in intestinal habits and blood presence in stool are more common symptoms.
3️ “Early tracking is only necessary for those with symptoms” – myth!
Early tracking is fundamental, even in the absence of symptoms. As the disease can be asymptomatic in the early stages, regular examinations and medical follow -up are essential for early prevention and detection, especially for those who have genetic predisposition.
4️. “Food has no impact on the risk of colorectal cancer” – myth!
Diets rich in processed meat, saturated and poor fiber fats significantly increase risk. On the other hand, a balanced diet, rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains and water, contributes to the prevention of the disease.
Conclusion
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer, but it is also one of the most preventable. Early detection and the adoption of healthy habits play a key role in preventing the disease. Consulting a doctor regularly and performing tracking exams, such as colonoscopy, can save lives. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle with balanced diet, exercise and reduced consumption of processed foods is essential to reduce risk. Information and knowledge are powerful allies in the fight against colorectal cancer! Share this content and help with awareness.
*Text written by Luis Eduardo Werneck (CRM 9638 PA | RQE 73414), Oncologist, Clinical Director of the Oncological Group of Brazil and Member Brazil Health
As stress can affect your intestinal health, according to a study
Was this content originally published in colorectal cancer only happens in the elderly? Unveys 4 myths about the disease on CNN Brazil.
Source: CNN Brasil
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