Like today, November 20, 2021

284: After the assassination of the emperor Numerianus, the generals proclaim Diocletian emperor of Rome.

1407: A truce is signed between Duke John I of Burgundy and Duke Louis I of Orleans under the auspices of Duke John of Berry. Three days later, the Duke of Orleans will be assassinated by the Duke of Burgundy.

1789: New Jersey becomes the first US state to ratify the Declaration of Human Rights.

1820: An 80-ton white whale attacks the whaling ship Essex, 2,000 nautical miles off the coast of South America. Of the twenty people on board the ship, only eight will eventually survive. The episode will be the source of inspiration for Herman Melville’s masterpiece, “Moby Dick”.

1861: During the American Civil War, the federal government of Kentucky issued a secession decree.

1873: Buda and Pest, separated by the Danube River, unite to form the Hungarian capital, Budapest.

1910: The Mexican Revolution breaks out against President Porfirio Diaz, led by Francisco Mandero.

1912: During the Second Balkan War, a fortnightly armistice was concluded in the Baτσcekιοy district of τάλatalτζa, ​​between the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria, which also represents the governments of Serbia and Montenegro. Thus, only Greece continues the war against Turkey.

1917: Ukraine declares independence from Russia.

1917: During World War I, the Battle of Cambrai begins. British forces attack German positions, but are later repulsed.

1920: The Panhellenic Maritime Federation (PNO) is founded, the highest trade union body of shipping workers.

1922: Settlements are being established throughout Greece to house refugees. On the same day, the International Conference that will resolve the differences between the allied forces and Turkey, after the First World War, starts in Switzerland. The Treaty of Lausanne will be signed on July 24, 1923.

1923: American Gareth Morgan patents the traffic light.

1931: The Spanish Parliament accuses King Alfonso XIII of high treason and violation of the country’s Constitution.

1933: The new building of the Bank of Greece is founded on a plot of land on Panepistimiou Street.

1940: Hungary signs the tripartite Axis Pact, formally part of the Rome-Berlin-Tokyo forces.

1943: The Battle of Tarawa begins during World War II. US Marines disembark at Tarawa Atoll, Gilbert Islands, under heavy Japanese gunfire and machine guns on the coast.

[1945: The Nuremberg Trials begin, with 24 Nazis sitting on the bench for war crimes.

1947: Queen Elizabeth II, then Crown Princess, marries Philippe Mountbaden, Duke of Edinburgh, at Westminster Abbey in London, five years before ascending the throne of Britain.

1952: The house of Alexandros Papadiamantis in Skiathos becomes a museum.

1959: The Declaration of the Rights of the Child is signed at the UN.

1959: The Hellenic Force of Cyprus (ELDYK) is formed in Agios Stefanos, Attica (Bogiati), after the signing of the Treaty Establishing the Republic of Cyprus.

1962: US President John F. Kennedy has confirmed that the USSR has withdrawn all its missiles from Cuba and ordered a month-long cessation of the island by US forces.

1964: The Vatican acquits the Jews of their guilt for the crucifixion of Jesus.

1969: Native Americans take control of Alcatraz Island until they oust the US government on June 11, 1971.

1974: The first accident occurred with a Boeing 747 aircraft belonging to the German airline Lufthansa and crashed in Nairobi, Kenya, resulting in the death of 59 people.

1977: New Democracy wins the second elections of the post-colonial period, with a percentage of 41.85%. PASOK becomes the official opposition with 25.33% of the votes.

1979: Armed Muslims occupy Mecca and hold 6,000 worshipers hostage for two weeks. The final hostage-taking attack will be carried out by Pakistani forces with the support of French commandos. A massacre will follow where 377 people will die and 600 will be injured.

1985:Microsoft launches Windows 1.0 operating system.

1989: The Declaration of the Rights of the Child is signed at the UN. Since then, every year November 20 is celebrated as World Day for the Rights of the Child.

1990: An assassination attempt from “November 17”, with rocket fire against Vardis Vardinogiannis, is noted in Nea Erithraia. Businessman’s armored car saves his life. In his testimony, he rules out the possibility that there were political motives in the attack against him, while he says that he does not know the reasons why they tried to kill him.

1991: A helicopter carrying 19 members of the peacekeeping mission with officials and journalists from Russia, Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan is shot down in Azerbaijan by Armenian military forces.

1992: In England, a fire broke out in Windsor Palace, destroying the castle and causing more than .000 50,000,000 in damage.

1995: Andreas Papandreou is rushed to the Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center with serious health problems.

2003: In Istanbul, another 27 people are tragically killed again by trapped cars, which explode outside the British consulate and the British interest bank HSBC. The first attack took place five days ago, in the synagogues of Neve Salom and Beth Israel, resulting in the death of 25 people and the injury of hundreds. The Turkish Islamic Organization has claimed responsibility for the two double attacks on behalf of Al Qaeda. The same day, the famous singer Michael Jackson is arrested, on charges of seducing a minor.

Births

270 – Maximinus II, Roman emperor

1629 – Ernest Augustus, elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg

1629 – Peter de Hoch, Dutch painter

1753 – Louis Alexandre Bertier, French marshal

1757 – Philip Brindel, Swiss writer

1761 – Pope Pius VII

1846 – Konstantinos Koumoundouros, Greek military and politician

1850 – Wilhelm Klein, German archaeologist

1858 – Selma Lagerlef, Swedish writer

1876 ​​- Rudolf Koch, German graphic designer

1889 – Edwin Hubble, American astronomer

1912 – Otto of Hapsburg, Austrian prince

1913 – Costas Houmis, Greek football player

1920 – Costas Kapnisis, Greek composer

1923 – Nandin Gordimer, South African writer and activist

1924 – Benoit Madelbrot, Polish mathematician

1924 – Michel Rifatter, French literary critic

1925 – Robert Kennedy, American politician

1925 – Maya Plisetskaya, Russian ballerina

1927 – Estelle Parsons, American actress and director

1935 – Leo Falkham, President of the Federated States of Micronesia

1936 – Don Delilo, American writer

1942 – Joe Biden, American politician

1946 – Patriarch of Moscow Cyril

1957 – Goodluck Jonathan, Nigerian politician

1960 – Allen Chastnett, a politician from St. Lucia

1974 – Memos Begnis, Greek actor

Deaths

284 – Numerian, Roman emperor

471 – Gennadios I, Patriarch of Constantinople

869 – Edmund the Martyr, King of the East of England

996 – Richard I, Duke of Normandy

1503 – Magnus II, Duke of Mecklenburg

1593 – Hans Bowl, Flemish artist

1607 – Giorgio Basta, Italian general

1737 – Carolina Ansbach, Queen of Great Britain

1894 – Anton Rubinstein, Russian pianist and composer

1910 – Leon Tolstoy, Russian writer

1925 – Alexandra of Denmark, Queen of the United Kingdom

1934 – Willem de Sitter, Dutch mathematician, physicist and astronomer

1936 – Buenaventura Durruti, Spanish activist

1936 – Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera, Spanish politician

1947 – Wolfgang Borchert, German writer

1952 – Benedetto Croce, Italian philosopher and politician

1975 – Francisco Franco, Spanish dictator

1978 – Giorgio de Chirico, Italian painter

1985 – Christos Gerakinis, Greek military and politician

1999 – Amidore Fanfani, Italian politician

2000 – Michalis Stefanidis, Greek politician

2006 – Robert Altman, American director

2009 – Lino Lacentelli, Italian climber

2012 – Chronis Missios, Greek resistance writer and activist

2013 – Costas Papazoglou, Greek football player

2016 – Konstantinos Stefanopoulos, Greek politician