In Brazil, the monarchic period lasted from 1822, the year in which our Independence was declared, and the date that completed two hundred years last Wednesday (7), until 1889, when the Republic was proclaimed.
This stage of Brazilian history is divided into three parts: the First Reign, when the country was ruled by Dom Pedro I and which lasted until he abdicated the throne in favor of his son, Dom Pedro II, in 1931.
As Dom Pedro II was only five years old at the time, the regency regime was instituted until he could take over. The era was marked by regional uprisings such as Cabanagem, Balaiada and Guerra dos Farrapos.
And it lasted until 1840, when the so-called “majority coup” took place, which declared the prince regent fit to assume the throne of the empire with only 14 years of age.
The second emperor would command the country throughout the final period of the monarchy in Brazil. D. Pedro II was the head of state that remained in power the longest in the country.
The beginning of his reign was characterized by the struggle for internal stability and the political reorganization of the country with the establishment of parliamentarism in 1847 as a form of government.
Despite the name, Dom Pedro II concentrated all powers to himself, having absolute control of the Assembly and being able to dismiss the entire ministry, dissolve the Chamber or call new elections.
Its prestige wore off over time after episodes such as the Paraguayan War and the end of slavery, which caused coffee producers to withdraw support for the emperor and his regime.
Thus, on November 15, 1889, came the coup that overthrew the Monarchy and established the Republic.
And in 1993, more than a hundred years after the end of the monarchic period, and shortly after the end of the Military Dictatorship, a plebiscite took place to determine whether the country should have a republican or monarchist form of government.
The option for the Republic won with 86.6% of the votes. Citizens also had to answer whether they preferred a presidential or parliamentary regime, with presidentialism obtaining 69.2% of the vote.
Source: CNN Brasil
