The National Institute of Meteorology (Inmet) prepared a forecast on the climate forecast of the five regions of Brazil during the autumn. In the quarter from April to June, rainfall should remain above average in the North Region, especially in northeast Pará and northwest Amazonas. In the southwest of Pará, the probabilities are of below-average rainfall.
In the Northeast Region, an increase in the temperature of the waters near the northeast coast may increase the chances of rain until the end of autumn. In the eastern northeast, the forecast is for a gradual increase in rainfall between the autumn and winter seasons, due to the evolution of the Eastern Wave Disturbances (DOL).
According to Inmet, temperatures will remain close to and above average in the region, except in the northern part of the states of Maranhão, Piauí and Ceará, where temperatures may be milder.
In the Midwest, the forecast for autumn indicates that rains will occur within the normal range to below the climatological average in most of the region, except in the central and eastern parts of Mato Grosso, where there is a possibility that rains will be more frequent in the April month.
From May, however, the driest period begins in the central area of the country. Inmet projects above-average temperatures throughout the region, with the exception of eastern Mato Grosso do Sul, where predicted temperatures may decline over the autumn months.
The forecast for the Southeast Region indicates that rainfall should remain below average in the next three months. Normally, this period already experiences a drop in the volume of rainfall in the period.
The air temperature should prevail close to and slightly above the climatology of the period, but Inmet does not rule out the possibility of the entry of cold air masses that may decrease temperatures in higher altitude locations, starting in May.
The climate forecast for the South Region, on the other hand, indicates that rainfall will be below average in most of the three states, due to the impacts that the La Niña phenomenon can cause. However, there may be cold fronts that cause rain, especially in the eastern portion of the region.
The Inmet informed that the air temperature in the South Region should prevail close to and above the climatology of the period, but the possibility of frosts, especially in mountainous areas, as winter approaches is not ruled out.
Climate
Autumn in the Southern Hemisphere officially begins this Sunday (20), at 12:33 pm, Brasília time. Considered a transitional season between summer and winter, autumn will last until the 21st of June.
In this period, according to the National Institute of Meteorology, rains are scarcer, especially in the interior of Brazil, including the semi-arid northeast. The coastal parts of the Northeast and the Amazon Region still register a considerable amount of rainfall, especially if there is persistence of the atmospheric system called Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) further south of its range.
The new season is also characterized by the first incursions of cold air masses, coming from the south of the continent, which cause a gradual drop in temperatures, mainly in the southern states and in parts of the Southeast region.
“It is noteworthy that, during autumn, the first formations of adverse phenomena are usually observed, such as: fog in the South, Southeast and Center-West regions; frosts in the South and Southeast regions and in Mato Grosso do Sul; snow in the mountainous areas and plateaus of the South Region, and cold in the south of the North Region and in the states of Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso and even in the south of Goiás”, informs Inmet’s Climate Prognosis for the period.
Other marks of this season are a greater drop in relative humidity and an increase in the incidence of winds.
The arrival of autumn is linked to an astronomical phenomenon called the equinox, which marks the exact moment when the sun is positioned perpendicular to the equator, distributing its luminosity more or less uniformly between the southern and northern hemispheres, the which takes place exactly on this March 20th.
From that moment, due to the Earth’s translational movement in relation to the sun, one of the hemispheres begins to receive more solar luminosity than the other. This is because the Earth has a slight inclination in relation to its axis and, as it moves around the sun (translation), this incidence of solar rays is inverted between the North and South parts of the planet.
That’s why when autumn begins in the Southern Hemisphere, in a transition to winter, spring begins in the Northern Hemisphere, in a transition to summer.
Source: CNN Brasil
