The rapid development of autonomous driving technology seems to have caused a lot of confusion in society as to what an autonomous vehicle actually does. For this reason, the SAE International engineering community, in collaboration with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), has updated the autonomous driving level classification that guides the automotive industry to assess the performance of drones.
SAE International defines six levels of driving automation, ranging from idle (Level 0) to fully autonomous vehicles (Level 5). The 2021 classification has not changed significantly since the last update in 2019, but new terminology has been introduced that should clarify misinterpreted concepts.
Level 1 and Level 2 autonomous driving systems are now called Driver Assistance Systems. This means that on these two levels, the driver has a primary role when the vehicle is in motion. The term “Automated Driving System” is used for Levels 3-5 only. In Level 3, the car performs some functions such as steering and braking under certain conditions, but in any case, the driver must be ready to take control. In Level 4, the vehicle can be on autopilot, but the system will alert the user while maintaining full control.
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