A seasonal depression also known as seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a type of depression that manifests itself at certain times of the year, usually in autumn and winter.
Characterized by depressive symptoms that recur only every few months, the condition differs from common depression due to its seasonality.
“Seasonal depression is a type of depression in which the person experiences mood swings mainly during the fall and winter, manifesting itself with decreased energy, changes in appetite and sleep, sadness and loss of interest in activities that they usually enjoy. Unlike traditional depression, which persists throughout the year, seasonal depression has its symptoms linked to specific periods”, explains Elvio Machado Meireles, psychologist at the Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual (HSPE).
Although the exact cause of seasonal depression is still under investigation, decreased sunlight during the colder months is believed to be a crucial factor.
This lack of exposure to sunlight can lead to a drop in the production of serotonin and melatonin, neurotransmitters that regulate mood and sleep.
“Ultraviolet rays are an essential ingredient for improving mood, increasing the production of serotonin, a hormone that helps maintain concentration and has many other benefits. It is also associated with the release of endorphins, known as the happiness hormone, which helps the body respond to stress,” adds Helena Camarinha, a psychologist at Badim Hospital (RJ).
Symptoms of seasonal depression can vary in intensity and resemble common depression, including:
- Sadness and discouragement;
- Lack of energy;
- Social isolation;
- Anxiety;
- Changes in appetite and weight;
- Insomnia or excessive sleepiness;
- Difficulty paying attention or concentrating;
- Agitation or slowness.
It is important to be aware of the symptoms and seek professional help if you experience a seasonal pattern of depression. Diagnosis is made by a psychiatrist or psychologist through clinical evaluation and medical history.
“Depressive conditions require the care of psychology and psychiatry professionals, in addition to the support and assessment of a multidisciplinary team to analyze the need for medication and establish activities and an adequate diet,” adds Camarinha.
Preventing seasonal depression involves some measures such as:
- Exposure to sunlight, especially in the morning;
- Maintaining a regular sleep routine;
- Practice regular physical activity;
- Healthy eating;
- Relaxation techniques;
- Social contact.
Treatment for the disease usually includes therapy with a psychologist or psychiatrist, and may be combined with antidepressant medication in more severe cases. Phototherapy, which uses artificial light to simulate sunlight, may also be an effective option.
“It is possible to prevent seasonal depression by adopting strategies such as regular exposure to daylight, maintaining physical activities, and seeking psychological support and health professionals to help adapt to seasonal changes,” adds Meireles.
Depression may accelerate memory loss in the elderly, study says
Source: CNN Brasil
I am an experienced journalist and writer with a career in the news industry. My focus is on covering Top News stories for World Stock Market, where I provide comprehensive analysis and commentary on markets around the world. I have expertise in writing both long-form articles and shorter pieces that deliver timely, relevant updates to readers.
