Record number of the United States sought to restrict access to abortion this year, but countries including Argentina, the Mexico and the Thailand have moved in the opposite direction by relaxing their strict legislation on this process.
At USA, 106 abortion restrictions were introduced in 19 states in 2021, according to the Reproductive Health Research Organization, Guttmacher Institute.
Restrictive measures in the predominantly Republican states include mandatory sessions, mandatory waiting hours of 24 hours before a second visit to the clinic and a reduction in the number of weeks during which women can terminate a pregnancy.
Abortion rights on USA have been under attack more than ever since the 1973 landmark decision «Rowe vs. Wade» made abortion a legal and constitutional right in all USA, say activists.
“This was the worst legislative year for abortion rights on USA after Flow against WadeSays Elizabeth Nas of the Institute.
“But this situation did not appear suddenly – it has been going on for years as part of a coordinated campaign for a universal ban on abortion,” she said. Νας.
The US Supreme Court– which has a 6-3 Conservative majority – heard two separate big cases this year that could validate restrictions on abortion rights.
His states are involved in the cases Mississippi and his Texas, where an almost universal ban on abortion came into force in September, banning termination of pregnancy after about the first six weeks.
Many countries around the world have revised their abortion legislation 2021 and many others tightened it.
In Poland An almost universal ban on abortion has been in place since January, sparking protests across the country.
The Constitutional Court The country announced in October 2020 that termination of pregnancy due to fetal problems should be banned, thus eliminating the most common legally permissible reason for the right to abortion.
VIEWS THAT CHANGE
In Latin America, some countries have liberalized access as women’s rights movements demand change and views are changing.
But conservative resistance still exists in the Roman Catholic country, for the most part, and initiatives to relax access to abortion are lagging behind. Chile and to Colombia.
Thousands MPs rejected a bill in November that sought to extend legal access for women to abortion, while Constitutional Court of Colombia postponed consideration of a case that would discuss the possibility of full decriminalization of the process.
As in most of the area the abortion in Colombia It is only allowed if the woman’s life is in danger, if the fetus has no chance of survival or when the pregnancy has resulted from rape or incest, but such restrictions face increasing challenges.
In the El Salvador, where abortion has been completely banned since 1998, Pan-American Court of Human Rights ruled in November that this country its Central America had violated the rights of a woman who had been imprisoned for the crime of abortion.
The woman, known as Manuela, died in prison while serving a 30-year sentence after being convicted of illegal abortion and charged with homicide.
The two highest regional human rights courts ruled that Manuela expelled having undergone a “maternity emergency” procedure and called it El Salvador to reform their strict abortion laws.
Elsewhere Latin America There have been major changes in views towards the liberalization of access to abortion in 2021.
In the Mexico, the second largest Catholic country in the world, the Supreme Court ruled in September that the criminalization of abortion is unconstitutional, meaning that courts will no longer be able to adjudicate abortion cases.
This decision followed another landmark decision to legalize abortion at the end of December 2020 to allow the procedure during the 14th week of pregnancy, which took effect earlier in the year.
In Honduras, where there is a universal ban on abortion, abortion rights organizations hope that the November election will Siomara Castle as the first woman president of the country will bring changes.
Thais MPs voted in January to allow abortion until the 12th week of pregnancy, while retaining penalties for terminating pregnancy at a later stage.
After weeks the Constitutional Court ruled that existing laws criminalizing abortion were unconstitutional.
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